National and State Libraries Australasia adopted the National Policy Framework for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Library Services and Collections to coordinate action in seven key areas. Practical examples from across Australia illustrate the diversity of initiatives related to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander library services and collections. These include:
- Services and collections in Northern Territory public libraries, including local Our Story databases which enable communities to access, store and make accessible digitised material related to their cultural heritage through their local library.
- Processes to ensure the proper treatment of Aboriginal records within collections, including the State Library of South Australia's Aboriginal Records Project to bring in specialist knowledge from the Pitjantjatjara Council's Ara Irititja Electronic Archive Project to assess ethnographic collections and:
o Identify and separate restricted and open material;
o Facilitate digitisation of selected material to assist repatriation to communities;
o Provide in-house training to staff
- Innovation through the involvement of Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders in decision making processes, as with the establishment of the kuril dhagun Indigenous Knowledge Centre within the State Library of Queensland. kuril dhagun explores different ways of understanding, creating, collecting and storing knowledge by and for Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islanders of Queensland.

The prospects and challenges in the implementation of the National Policy Framework are examined, highlighting a way forward through a cooperative, shared and co-ordinated approach in the development of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander library services and collections across the nation.